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@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
# micro:bit MicroPython Cookbook (Updating) # micro:bit MicroPython Cookbook (Updating)
My notes for some Python tricks and experiments on BBC micro:bit, mostly written by me. ![microbit](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/44191076/77656826-66a0de00-6faf-11ea-9562-2d34a623e125.png)
[BBC micro:bit MicroPython documentation](https://microbit-micropython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html#)
This is my notes, tricks and experiments for BBC micro:bit with MicroPython.
## Easer Eggs ## Easer Eggs
Enter the following codes into REPL: Enter the following codes in [REPL](https://microbit-micropython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/devguide/repl.html):
```python ```python
import this import this
@@ -12,22 +16,40 @@ import love
import antigravity import antigravity
``` ```
Also The result from <b>import this</b> is a version of [Zen of Python](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0020/) and <b>import antigravity</b> is from [original Python easter egg](https://xkcd.com/353/).
Also you can try
```python ```python
this.authors() this.authors()
love.badaboom() love.badaboom()
``` ```
## Why You Shouldn't Use * ## Some Lesser Known Facts
The following code Since both Python and MicroPython are interpreted languages, they eat a lot of memory. Also, the hex file generated by micro:bit Python editors are consisted of 2 parts: the MicroPython firmware (up to 248 KB) and user's script (up to only 8 KB). See [Firmware Hex File](https://microbit-micropython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/devguide/hexformat.html). Which means it's not possible to build big projects with micro:bit's MicroPython.
One way to "minimize" your script size is to use one-space indents instead of 4.
Also, about how micro:bit get its own version of MicroPython: [The Story of MicroPython on the BBC micro:bit](http://ntoll.org/article/story-micropython-on-microbit) by Nicholas H. Tollervey, who also created the [Mu editor](https://codewith.mu/).
## Editor of Choice
The official [Python online editor](https://python.microbit.org/v/2.0) does not need installation and can be used anywhere with Internet and Chrome web browser. Support Web-USB. It's ok to use, really.
Personally, I would perfer [Mu editor](https://codewith.mu/) for any beginners. It has code check, (limited) auto-complete and can automatically detect/upload code to your micro:bit.
If you have experiences with MicroPython with ESP8266/ESP32 or CircuitPython, you can consider [Thonny](https://thonny.org/) which allows you to access micro:bit's REPL directly without having to upload hex file.
## Why You Shouldn't Use * For Import
The following import statement
```python ```python
from microbit import * from microbit import *
``` ```
is a bad idea. This way imports everything of the microbit module even you don't need many of the features and wastes extra memory. is a bad idea. This imports everything of the microbit module even you don't need many of the features and wastes extra memory.
Instead, you should only import sub-modules you are going to use: Instead, you should only import sub-modules you are going to use:
@@ -43,7 +65,7 @@ from micropython import mem_info
print(mem_info(1)) print(mem_info(1))
``` ```
You can also try to turn on garbage collection: You can also try to turn on garbage collection if the memory is almost full:
```python ```python
import gc import gc
@@ -52,14 +74,6 @@ gc.enable() # auto memory recycle
gc.collect() # force memory recycle gc.collect() # force memory recycle
``` ```
## Some Lesser Known Facts
Since Python and MicroPython are interpreted languages, they eat a lot of memory. Also, the hex file generated by micro:bit Python editors are consisted of 2 parts: the MicroPython firmware (up to 248 KB) and user's script (up to only 8 KB). See [Firmware Hex File](https://microbit-micropython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/devguide/hexformat.html). Which means it's not possible to build big projects with micro:bit's MicroPython.
One way to "minimize" your script size is to use one-space indents instead of 4.
Also, how micro:bit get its own version of MicroPython anyway: [The Story of MicroPython on the BBC micro:bit](http://ntoll.org/article/story-micropython-on-microbit) by Nicholas H. Tollervey, who also created the [Mu editor](https://codewith.mu/), which is easier to use than the official online editor.
## Fill LED Display ## Fill LED Display
Light up every LEDs. Use fillScreen() as default. Light up every LEDs. Use fillScreen() as default.
@@ -74,10 +88,16 @@ def fillScreen(b = 9):
while True: while True:
for _ in range(2):
fillScreen()
sleep(100)
fillScreen(0)
sleep(100)
for i in range(9): for i in range(9):
fillScreen(i) fillScreen(i)
sleep(50) sleep(50)
for i in reversed(range(9)): for i in reversed(range(9)):
fillScreen(i) fillScreen(i)
sleep(50) sleep(50)