diff --git a/demos/node-editor/node-format.md b/demos/node-editor/node-format.md
index e769865887..b174662f32 100644
--- a/demos/node-editor/node-format.md
+++ b/demos/node-editor/node-format.md
@@ -6,15 +6,25 @@ The format is a text format that follows the [CSS syntax rules](https://drafts.c
 
 The grammar of a node text representation using [the CSS value definition syntax](https://drafts.csswg.org/css-values-3/#value-defs) looks like this:
 **document**: `<node>\*`
-**node**: container { <document> } | `<node-name> { <property>* }`
+**node**: container [ "name" ] { <document> } | `<node-type> [ "name" ] { <property>* }` | "name"
 **property**: `<property-name>: <node> | <value> ;`
 
-Each node has its own `<node-name>` and supports a custom set of properties, each with their own `<property-name>` and syntax. The following paragraphs document each of the nodes and their properties.
+Each node has its own `<node-type>` and supports a custom set of properties, each with their own `<property-name>` and syntax. The following paragraphs document each of the nodes and their properties.
 
 When serializing and the value of a property equals the default value, this value will not be serialized. Serialization aims to produce an output as small as possible.
 
 To embed newlines in strings, use \A. To break a long string into multiple lines, escape the newline with a \.
 
+# Names
+
+### Nodes
+
+Nodes can be given a name by adding a string after the `<node-type>` in their definition. That same node can then be used further down in the document by specifying just the name identifying the node.
+
+### Textures
+
+Just like nodes, textures can be referenced by name. When definining the named texture, the name has to be placed in front of the URL.
+
 # Nodes
 
 ### container
diff --git a/gsk/gskrendernodeparser.c b/gsk/gskrendernodeparser.c
index 6cceafcad7..522bacbf6e 100644
--- a/gsk/gskrendernodeparser.c
+++ b/gsk/gskrendernodeparser.c
@@ -41,18 +41,40 @@
 #include <cairo-script-interpreter.h>
 #endif
 
+typedef struct _Context Context;
+
+struct _Context
+{
+  GHashTable *named_nodes;
+  GHashTable *named_textures;
+};
+
 typedef struct _Declaration Declaration;
 
 struct _Declaration
 {
   const char *name;
-  gboolean (* parse_func) (GtkCssParser *parser, gpointer result);
+  gboolean (* parse_func) (GtkCssParser *parser, Context *context, gpointer result);
   void (* clear_func) (gpointer data);
   gpointer result;
 };
 
+static void
+context_init (Context *context)
+{
+  memset (context, 0, sizeof (Context));
+}
+
+static void
+context_finish (Context *context)
+{
+  g_clear_pointer (&context->named_nodes, g_hash_table_unref);
+  g_clear_pointer (&context->named_textures, g_hash_table_unref);
+}
+
 static gboolean
 parse_rect (GtkCssParser    *parser,
+            Context         *context,
             gpointer         out_rect)
 {
   double numbers[4];
@@ -70,6 +92,7 @@ parse_rect (GtkCssParser    *parser,
 
 static gboolean
 parse_vec4 (GtkCssParser    *parser,
+            Context         *context,
             gpointer         out_vec4)
 {
   double numbers[4];
@@ -87,12 +110,46 @@ parse_vec4 (GtkCssParser    *parser,
 
 static gboolean
 parse_texture (GtkCssParser *parser,
+               Context      *context,
                gpointer      out_data)
 {
   GdkTexture *texture;
   GError *error = NULL;
+  const GtkCssToken *token;
   GtkCssLocation start_location;
-  char *url, *scheme;
+  char *url, *scheme, *texture_name;
+
+  token = gtk_css_parser_get_token (parser);
+  if (gtk_css_token_is (token, GTK_CSS_TOKEN_STRING))
+    {
+      texture_name = gtk_css_parser_consume_string (parser);
+
+      if (context->named_textures)
+        texture = g_hash_table_lookup (context->named_textures, texture_name);
+      else
+        texture = NULL;
+
+      if (texture)
+        {
+          *(GdkTexture **) out_data = g_object_ref (texture);
+          g_free (texture_name);
+          return TRUE;
+        }
+      else if (gtk_css_parser_has_token (parser, GTK_CSS_TOKEN_EOF))
+        {
+          gtk_css_parser_error_value (parser, "No texture named \"%s\"", texture_name);
+          g_free (texture_name);
+          return FALSE;
+        }
+
+      if (context->named_textures && g_hash_table_lookup (context->named_textures, texture_name))
+        {
+          gtk_css_parser_error_value (parser, "A texture named \"%s\" already exists.", texture_name);
+          g_clear_pointer (&texture_name, g_free);
+        }
+    }
+  else
+    texture_name = NULL;
 
   start_location = *gtk_css_parser_get_start_location (parser);
   url = gtk_css_parser_consume_url (parser);
@@ -128,6 +185,10 @@ parse_texture (GtkCssParser *parser,
         }
       else
         {
+          g_set_error (&error,
+                       GTK_CSS_PARSER_ERROR,
+                       GTK_CSS_PARSER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_VALUE,
+                       "Failed to resolve URL");
           texture = NULL;
         }
     }
@@ -148,6 +209,14 @@ parse_texture (GtkCssParser *parser,
       return FALSE;
     }
 
+  if (texture_name)
+    {
+      if (context->named_textures == NULL)
+        context->named_textures = g_hash_table_new_full (g_str_hash, g_str_equal,
+                                                         g_free, g_object_unref);
+      g_hash_table_insert (context->named_textures, texture_name, g_object_ref (texture));
+    }
+
   *(GdkTexture **) out_data = texture;
   return TRUE;
 }
@@ -200,6 +269,7 @@ csi_hooks_context_destroy (void *closure,
 
 static gboolean
 parse_script (GtkCssParser *parser,
+              Context      *context,
               gpointer      out_data)
 {
 #ifdef HAVE_CAIRO_SCRIPT_INTERPRETER
@@ -229,8 +299,19 @@ parse_script (GtkCssParser *parser,
       GFile *file;
 
       file = gtk_css_parser_resolve_url (parser, url);
-      bytes = g_file_load_bytes (file, NULL, NULL, &error);
-      g_object_unref (file);
+      if (file)
+        {
+          bytes = g_file_load_bytes (file, NULL, NULL, &error);
+          g_object_unref (file);
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          g_set_error (&error,
+                       GTK_CSS_PARSER_ERROR,
+                       GTK_CSS_PARSER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_VALUE,
+                       "Failed to resolve URL");
+          bytes = NULL;
+        }
     }
 
   g_free (scheme);
@@ -285,6 +366,7 @@ clear_surface (gpointer inout_surface)
 
 static gboolean
 parse_rounded_rect (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                    Context      *context,
                     gpointer      out_rect)
 {
   graphene_rect_t r;
@@ -292,7 +374,7 @@ parse_rounded_rect (GtkCssParser *parser,
   double d;
   guint i;
 
-  if (!parse_rect (parser, &r))
+  if (!parse_rect (parser, context, &r))
     return FALSE;
 
   if (!gtk_css_parser_try_delim (parser, '/'))
@@ -357,6 +439,7 @@ parse_rounded_rect (GtkCssParser *parser,
 
 static gboolean
 parse_color (GtkCssParser *parser,
+             Context      *context,
              gpointer      out_color)
 {
   return gdk_rgba_parser_parse (parser, out_color);
@@ -364,6 +447,7 @@ parse_color (GtkCssParser *parser,
 
 static gboolean
 parse_double (GtkCssParser *parser,
+              Context      *context,
               gpointer      out_double)
 {
   return gtk_css_parser_consume_number (parser, out_double);
@@ -371,6 +455,7 @@ parse_double (GtkCssParser *parser,
 
 static gboolean
 parse_point (GtkCssParser *parser,
+             Context      *context,
              gpointer      out_point)
 {
   double x, y;
@@ -386,6 +471,7 @@ parse_point (GtkCssParser *parser,
 
 static gboolean
 parse_transform (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                 Context      *context,
                  gpointer      out_transform)
 {
   GskTransform *transform;
@@ -409,6 +495,7 @@ clear_transform (gpointer inout_transform)
 
 static gboolean
 parse_string (GtkCssParser *parser,
+              Context      *context,
               gpointer      out_string)
 {
   const GtkCssToken *token;
@@ -416,7 +503,10 @@ parse_string (GtkCssParser *parser,
 
   token = gtk_css_parser_get_token (parser);
   if (!gtk_css_token_is (token, GTK_CSS_TOKEN_STRING))
-    return FALSE;
+    {
+      gtk_css_parser_error_syntax (parser, "Expected a string");
+      return FALSE;
+    }
 
   s = g_strdup (gtk_css_token_get_string (token));
   gtk_css_parser_consume_token (parser);
@@ -435,6 +525,7 @@ clear_string (gpointer inout_string)
 
 static gboolean
 parse_stops (GtkCssParser *parser,
+             Context      *context,
              gpointer      out_stops)
 {
   GArray *stops;
@@ -501,6 +592,7 @@ clear_stops (gpointer inout_stops)
 
 static gboolean
 parse_float4 (GtkCssParser *parser,
+              Context      *context,
               gpointer      out_floats)
 {
   float *floats = (float *) out_floats;
@@ -532,6 +624,7 @@ parse_float4 (GtkCssParser *parser,
 
 static gboolean
 parse_colors4 (GtkCssParser *parser,
+               Context      *context,
                gpointer      out_colors)
 {
   GdkRGBA colors[4];
@@ -559,6 +652,7 @@ parse_colors4 (GtkCssParser *parser,
 
 static gboolean
 parse_shadows (GtkCssParser *parser,
+               Context      *context,
                gpointer      out_shadows)
 {
   GArray *shadows = out_shadows;
@@ -612,6 +706,7 @@ static const struct
 
 static gboolean
 parse_scaling_filter (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                      Context      *context,
                       gpointer      out_filter)
 {
   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < G_N_ELEMENTS (scaling_filters); i++)
@@ -665,6 +760,7 @@ get_blend_mode_name (GskBlendMode mode)
 
 static gboolean
 parse_blend_mode (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                  Context      *context,
                   gpointer      out_mode)
 {
   guint i;
@@ -708,6 +804,7 @@ get_mask_mode_name (GskMaskMode mode)
 
 static gboolean
 parse_mask_mode (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                 Context      *context,
                  gpointer      out_mode)
 {
   guint i;
@@ -811,6 +908,7 @@ create_ascii_glyphs (PangoFont *font)
 
 static gboolean
 parse_font (GtkCssParser *parser,
+            Context      *context,
             gpointer      out_font)
 {
   PangoFont *font;
@@ -842,6 +940,7 @@ clear_font (gpointer inout_font)
 
 static gboolean
 parse_glyphs (GtkCssParser *parser,
+              Context      *context,
               gpointer      out_glyphs)
 {
   PangoGlyphString *glyph_string;
@@ -922,7 +1021,7 @@ clear_glyphs (gpointer inout_glyphs)
 }
 
 static gboolean
-parse_node (GtkCssParser *parser, gpointer out_node);
+parse_node (GtkCssParser *parser, Context *context, gpointer out_node);
 
 static void
 clear_node (gpointer inout_node)
@@ -931,7 +1030,8 @@ clear_node (gpointer inout_node)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_container_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_container_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                      Context      *context)
 {
   GPtrArray *nodes;
   const GtkCssToken *token;
@@ -949,7 +1049,7 @@ parse_container_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
        */
       gtk_css_parser_start_semicolon_block (parser, GTK_CSS_TOKEN_OPEN_CURLY);
 
-      if (parse_node (parser, &node))
+      if (parse_node (parser, context, &node))
         g_ptr_array_add (nodes, node);
 
       gtk_css_parser_end_block (parser);
@@ -964,6 +1064,7 @@ parse_container_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 
 static guint
 parse_declarations (GtkCssParser      *parser,
+                    Context           *context,
                     const Declaration *declarations,
                     guint              n_declarations)
 {
@@ -994,7 +1095,7 @@ parse_declarations (GtkCssParser      *parser,
                       if (declarations[i].clear_func)
                         declarations[i].clear_func (declarations[i].result);
                     }
-                  if (!declarations[i].parse_func (parser, declarations[i].result))
+                  if (!declarations[i].parse_func (parser, context, declarations[i].result))
                     {
                       /* nothing to do */
                     }
@@ -1058,7 +1159,8 @@ create_default_render_node (void)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_color_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_color_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                  Context      *context)
 {
   graphene_rect_t bounds = GRAPHENE_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50);
   GdkRGBA color = GDK_RGBA("FF00CC");
@@ -1067,13 +1169,14 @@ parse_color_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
     { "color", parse_color, NULL, &color },
   };
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
 
   return gsk_color_node_new (&color, &bounds);
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
 parse_linear_gradient_node_internal (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                                     Context      *context,
                                      gboolean      repeating)
 {
   graphene_rect_t bounds = GRAPHENE_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50);
@@ -1088,7 +1191,7 @@ parse_linear_gradient_node_internal (GtkCssParser *parser,
   };
   GskRenderNode *result;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
   if (stops == NULL)
     {
       GskColorStop from = { 0.0, GDK_RGBA("AAFF00") };
@@ -1110,19 +1213,22 @@ parse_linear_gradient_node_internal (GtkCssParser *parser,
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_linear_gradient_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_linear_gradient_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                            Context      *context)
 {
-  return parse_linear_gradient_node_internal (parser, FALSE);
+  return parse_linear_gradient_node_internal (parser, context, FALSE);
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_repeating_linear_gradient_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_repeating_linear_gradient_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                                      Context      *context)
 {
-  return parse_linear_gradient_node_internal (parser, TRUE);
+  return parse_linear_gradient_node_internal (parser, context, TRUE);
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
 parse_radial_gradient_node_internal (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                                     Context      *context,
                                      gboolean      repeating)
 {
   graphene_rect_t bounds = GRAPHENE_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50);
@@ -1143,7 +1249,7 @@ parse_radial_gradient_node_internal (GtkCssParser *parser,
   };
   GskRenderNode *result;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
   if (stops == NULL)
     {
       GskColorStop from = { 0.0, GDK_RGBA("AAFF00") };
@@ -1167,19 +1273,22 @@ parse_radial_gradient_node_internal (GtkCssParser *parser,
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_radial_gradient_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_radial_gradient_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                            Context      *context)
 {
-  return parse_radial_gradient_node_internal (parser, FALSE);
+  return parse_radial_gradient_node_internal (parser, context, FALSE);
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_repeating_radial_gradient_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_repeating_radial_gradient_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                                      Context      *context)
 {
-  return parse_radial_gradient_node_internal (parser, TRUE);
+  return parse_radial_gradient_node_internal (parser, context, TRUE);
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_conic_gradient_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_conic_gradient_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                           Context      *context)
 {
   graphene_rect_t bounds = GRAPHENE_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50);
   graphene_point_t center = GRAPHENE_POINT_INIT (25, 25);
@@ -1193,7 +1302,7 @@ parse_conic_gradient_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *result;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
   if (stops == NULL)
     {
       GskColorStop from = { 0.0, GDK_RGBA("AAFF00") };
@@ -1213,7 +1322,8 @@ parse_conic_gradient_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_inset_shadow_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_inset_shadow_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                         Context      *context)
 {
   GskRoundedRect outline = GSK_ROUNDED_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50);
   GdkRGBA color = GDK_RGBA("000000");
@@ -1227,7 +1337,7 @@ parse_inset_shadow_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
     { "blur", parse_double, NULL, &blur }
   };
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
 
   return gsk_inset_shadow_node_new (&outline, &color, dx, dy, spread, blur);
 }
@@ -1252,6 +1362,7 @@ clear_shader_info (gpointer data)
 
 static gboolean
 parse_shader (GtkCssParser *parser,
+              Context      *context,
               gpointer      out_shader_info)
 {
   ShaderInfo *shader_info = out_shader_info;
@@ -1259,7 +1370,7 @@ parse_shader (GtkCssParser *parser,
   GBytes *bytes;
   GskGLShader *shader;
 
-  if (!parse_string (parser, &sourcecode))
+  if (!parse_string (parser, context, &sourcecode))
     return FALSE;
 
   bytes = g_bytes_new_take (sourcecode, strlen (sourcecode));
@@ -1369,7 +1480,9 @@ parse_uniform_value (GtkCssParser *parser,
 }
 
 static gboolean
-parse_shader_args (GtkCssParser *parser, gpointer data)
+parse_shader_args (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                   Context      *context,
+                   gpointer      data)
 {
   ShaderInfo *shader_info = data;
   int n_uniforms;
@@ -1388,7 +1501,8 @@ parse_shader_args (GtkCssParser *parser, gpointer data)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_glshader_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_glshader_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                     Context      *context)
 {
   graphene_rect_t bounds = GRAPHENE_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50);
   GskRenderNode *child[4] = { NULL, };
@@ -1410,7 +1524,7 @@ parse_glshader_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   GBytes *args = NULL;
   int len, i;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
 
   for (len = 0; len < 4; len++)
     {
@@ -1436,7 +1550,8 @@ parse_glshader_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_mask_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_mask_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                 Context      *context)
 {
   GskRenderNode *source = NULL;
   GskRenderNode *mask = NULL;
@@ -1448,7 +1563,7 @@ parse_mask_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *result;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS(declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS(declarations));
   if (source == NULL)
     source = create_default_render_node ();
   if (mask == NULL)
@@ -1463,7 +1578,8 @@ parse_mask_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_border_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_border_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                   Context      *context)
 {
   GskRoundedRect outline = GSK_ROUNDED_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50);
   float widths[4] = { 1, 1, 1, 1 };
@@ -1474,13 +1590,14 @@ parse_border_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
     { "colors", parse_colors4, NULL, &colors }
   };
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
 
   return gsk_border_node_new (&outline, widths, colors);
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_texture_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_texture_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                    Context      *context)
 {
   graphene_rect_t bounds = GRAPHENE_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50);
   GdkTexture *texture = NULL;
@@ -1490,7 +1607,7 @@ parse_texture_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *node;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
 
   if (texture == NULL)
     texture = create_default_texture ();
@@ -1502,7 +1619,8 @@ parse_texture_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_texture_scale_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_texture_scale_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                          Context      *context)
 {
   graphene_rect_t bounds = GRAPHENE_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50);
   GdkTexture *texture = NULL;
@@ -1514,7 +1632,7 @@ parse_texture_scale_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *node;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
 
   if (texture == NULL)
     texture = create_default_texture ();
@@ -1526,7 +1644,8 @@ parse_texture_scale_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_cairo_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_cairo_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                  Context      *context)
 {
   graphene_rect_t bounds = GRAPHENE_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50);
   GdkTexture *pixels = NULL;
@@ -1538,7 +1657,7 @@ parse_cairo_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *node;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
 
   node = gsk_cairo_node_new (&bounds);
 
@@ -1569,7 +1688,8 @@ parse_cairo_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_outset_shadow_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_outset_shadow_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                          Context      *context)
 {
   GskRoundedRect outline = GSK_ROUNDED_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50);
   GdkRGBA color = GDK_RGBA("000000");
@@ -1583,13 +1703,14 @@ parse_outset_shadow_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
     { "blur", parse_double, NULL, &blur }
   };
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
 
   return gsk_outset_shadow_node_new (&outline, &color, dx, dy, spread, blur);
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_transform_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_transform_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                      Context      *context)
 {
   GskRenderNode *child = NULL;
   GskTransform *transform = NULL;
@@ -1599,7 +1720,7 @@ parse_transform_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *result;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
   if (child == NULL)
     child = create_default_render_node ();
 
@@ -1616,7 +1737,8 @@ parse_transform_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_opacity_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_opacity_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                    Context      *context)
 {
   GskRenderNode *child = NULL;
   double opacity = 0.5;
@@ -1626,7 +1748,7 @@ parse_opacity_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *result;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
   if (child == NULL)
     child = create_default_render_node ();
 
@@ -1638,7 +1760,8 @@ parse_opacity_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_color_matrix_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_color_matrix_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                         Context      *context)
 {
   GskRenderNode *child = NULL;
   graphene_matrix_t matrix;
@@ -1653,7 +1776,7 @@ parse_color_matrix_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 
   graphene_vec4_init (&offset, 0, 0, 0, 0);
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
   if (child == NULL)
     child = create_default_render_node ();
 
@@ -1668,7 +1791,8 @@ parse_color_matrix_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_cross_fade_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_cross_fade_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                       Context      *context)
 {
   GskRenderNode *start = NULL;
   GskRenderNode *end = NULL;
@@ -1680,7 +1804,7 @@ parse_cross_fade_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *result;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
   if (start == NULL)
     start = gsk_color_node_new (&GDK_RGBA("AAFF00"), &GRAPHENE_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50));
   if (end == NULL)
@@ -1695,7 +1819,8 @@ parse_cross_fade_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_blend_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_blend_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                  Context      *context)
 {
   GskRenderNode *bottom = NULL;
   GskRenderNode *top = NULL;
@@ -1707,7 +1832,7 @@ parse_blend_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *result;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
   if (bottom == NULL)
     bottom = gsk_color_node_new (&GDK_RGBA("AAFF00"), &GRAPHENE_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50));
   if (top == NULL)
@@ -1722,7 +1847,8 @@ parse_blend_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_repeat_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_repeat_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                   Context      *context)
 {
   GskRenderNode *child = NULL;
   graphene_rect_t bounds = GRAPHENE_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 0, 0);
@@ -1735,7 +1861,7 @@ parse_repeat_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   GskRenderNode *result;
   guint parse_result;
 
-  parse_result = parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_result = parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
   if (child == NULL)
     child = create_default_render_node ();
 
@@ -1785,7 +1911,8 @@ unpack_glyphs (PangoFont        *font,
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_text_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_text_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                 Context      *context)
 {
   PangoFont *font = NULL;
   graphene_point_t offset = GRAPHENE_POINT_INIT (0, 0);
@@ -1799,7 +1926,7 @@ parse_text_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *result;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
 
   if (font == NULL)
     {
@@ -1847,7 +1974,8 @@ parse_text_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_blur_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_blur_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                 Context      *context)
 {
   GskRenderNode *child = NULL;
   double blur_radius = 1.0;
@@ -1857,7 +1985,7 @@ parse_blur_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *result;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
   if (child == NULL)
     child = create_default_render_node ();
 
@@ -1869,7 +1997,8 @@ parse_blur_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_clip_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_clip_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                 Context      *context)
 {
   GskRoundedRect clip = GSK_ROUNDED_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50);
   GskRenderNode *child = NULL;
@@ -1879,7 +2008,7 @@ parse_clip_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *result;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
   if (child == NULL)
     child = create_default_render_node ();
 
@@ -1894,7 +2023,8 @@ parse_clip_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_rounded_clip_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_rounded_clip_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                         Context      *context)
 {
   GskRoundedRect clip = GSK_ROUNDED_RECT_INIT (0, 0, 50, 50);
   GskRenderNode *child = NULL;
@@ -1904,7 +2034,7 @@ parse_rounded_clip_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *result;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
   if (child == NULL)
     child = create_default_render_node ();
 
@@ -1916,7 +2046,8 @@ parse_rounded_clip_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_shadow_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_shadow_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                   Context      *context)
 {
   GskRenderNode *child = NULL;
   GArray *shadows = g_array_new (FALSE, TRUE, sizeof (GskShadow));
@@ -1926,7 +2057,7 @@ parse_shadow_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *result;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
   if (child == NULL)
     child = create_default_render_node ();
 
@@ -1945,7 +2076,8 @@ parse_shadow_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 }
 
 static GskRenderNode *
-parse_debug_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
+parse_debug_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+                  Context      *context)
 {
   char *message = NULL;
   GskRenderNode *child = NULL;
@@ -1955,7 +2087,7 @@ parse_debug_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
   };
   GskRenderNode *result;
 
-  parse_declarations (parser, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
+  parse_declarations (parser, context, declarations, G_N_ELEMENTS (declarations));
   if (child == NULL)
     child = create_default_render_node ();
 
@@ -1968,11 +2100,12 @@ parse_debug_node (GtkCssParser *parser)
 
 static gboolean
 parse_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
+            Context      *context,
             gpointer      out_node)
 {
   static struct {
     const char *name;
-    GskRenderNode * (* func) (GtkCssParser *);
+    GskRenderNode * (* func) (GtkCssParser *, Context *);
   } node_parsers[] = {
     { "blend", parse_blend_node },
     { "blur", parse_blur_node },
@@ -2003,29 +2136,92 @@ parse_node (GtkCssParser *parser,
     { "mask", parse_mask_node },
   };
   GskRenderNode **node_p = out_node;
+  const GtkCssToken *token;
   guint i;
 
+  token = gtk_css_parser_get_token (parser);
+  if (gtk_css_parser_has_token (parser, GTK_CSS_TOKEN_STRING))
+  if (gtk_css_token_is (token, GTK_CSS_TOKEN_STRING))
+    {
+      GskRenderNode *node;
+      char *node_name;
+
+      node_name = gtk_css_parser_consume_string (parser);
+
+      if (context->named_nodes)
+        node = g_hash_table_lookup (context->named_nodes, node_name);
+      else
+        node = NULL;
+
+      if (node)
+        {
+          *node_p = gsk_render_node_ref (node);
+          g_free (node_name);
+          return TRUE;
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          gtk_css_parser_error_value (parser, "No node named \"%s\"", node_name);
+          g_free (node_name);
+          return FALSE;
+        }
+    }
+
   for (i = 0; i < G_N_ELEMENTS (node_parsers); i++)
     {
       if (gtk_css_parser_try_ident (parser, node_parsers[i].name))
         {
           GskRenderNode *node;
+          GtkCssLocation node_name_start_location, node_name_end_location;
+          char *node_name;
+
+          if (gtk_css_parser_has_token (parser, GTK_CSS_TOKEN_STRING))
+            {
+              node_name_start_location = *gtk_css_parser_get_start_location (parser);
+              node_name_end_location = *gtk_css_parser_get_end_location (parser);
+              node_name = gtk_css_parser_consume_string (parser);
+            }
+          else
+            node_name = NULL;
 
           if (!gtk_css_parser_has_token (parser, GTK_CSS_TOKEN_EOF))
             {
               gtk_css_parser_error_syntax (parser, "Expected '{' after node name");
               return FALSE;
             }
+
           gtk_css_parser_end_block_prelude (parser);
-          node = node_parsers[i].func (parser);
+          node = node_parsers[i].func (parser, context);
           if (node)
             {
               if (!gtk_css_parser_has_token (parser, GTK_CSS_TOKEN_EOF))
                 gtk_css_parser_error_syntax (parser, "Expected '}' at end of node definition");
               g_clear_pointer (node_p, gsk_render_node_unref);
+
+              if (node_name)
+                {
+                  if (context->named_nodes == NULL)
+                    context->named_nodes = g_hash_table_new_full (g_str_hash, g_str_equal,
+                                                                  g_free, (GDestroyNotify) gsk_render_node_unref);
+                  if (g_hash_table_lookup (context->named_nodes, node_name))
+                    {
+                      gtk_css_parser_error (parser,
+                                            GTK_CSS_PARSER_ERROR_FAILED,
+                                            &node_name_start_location,
+                                            &node_name_end_location,
+                                            "A node named \"%s\" already exists.", node_name);
+                    }
+                  else
+                    {
+                      g_hash_table_insert (context->named_nodes, g_strdup (node_name), gsk_render_node_ref (node));
+                    }
+                }
+
               *node_p = node;
             }
 
+          g_free (node_name);
+
           return node != NULL;
         }
     }
@@ -2065,6 +2261,7 @@ gsk_render_node_deserialize_from_bytes (GBytes            *bytes,
 {
   GskRenderNode *root = NULL;
   GtkCssParser *parser;
+  Context context;
   struct {
     GskParseErrorFunc error_func;
     gpointer user_data;
@@ -2072,7 +2269,8 @@ gsk_render_node_deserialize_from_bytes (GBytes            *bytes,
 
   parser = gtk_css_parser_new_for_bytes (bytes, NULL, gsk_render_node_parser_error,
                                          &error_func_pair, NULL);
-  root = parse_container_node (parser);
+  context_init (&context);
+  root = parse_container_node (parser, &context);
 
   if (root && gsk_container_node_get_n_children (root) == 1)
     {
@@ -2083,6 +2281,7 @@ gsk_render_node_deserialize_from_bytes (GBytes            *bytes,
       root = child;
     }
 
+  context_finish (&context);
   gtk_css_parser_unref (parser);
 
   return root;
@@ -2093,13 +2292,152 @@ typedef struct
 {
   int indentation_level;
   GString *str;
+  GHashTable *named_nodes;
+  gsize named_node_counter;
+  GHashTable *named_textures;
+  gsize named_texture_counter;
 } Printer;
 
 static void
-printer_init (Printer *self)
+printer_init_check_texture (Printer    *printer,
+                            GdkTexture *texture)
+{
+  gpointer name;
+
+  if (!g_hash_table_lookup_extended (printer->named_textures, texture, NULL, &name))
+    g_hash_table_insert (printer->named_textures, texture, NULL);
+  else if (name == NULL)
+    g_hash_table_insert (printer->named_textures, texture, g_strdup (""));
+}
+
+static void
+printer_init_duplicates_for_node (Printer       *printer,
+                                  GskRenderNode *node)
+{
+  gpointer name;
+
+  if (!g_hash_table_lookup_extended (printer->named_nodes, node, NULL, &name))
+    g_hash_table_insert (printer->named_nodes, node, NULL);
+  else if (name == NULL)
+    g_hash_table_insert (printer->named_nodes, node, g_strdup (""));
+
+  switch (gsk_render_node_get_node_type (node))
+    {
+    case GSK_CAIRO_NODE:
+    case GSK_TEXT_NODE:
+    case GSK_COLOR_NODE:
+    case GSK_LINEAR_GRADIENT_NODE:
+    case GSK_REPEATING_LINEAR_GRADIENT_NODE:
+    case GSK_RADIAL_GRADIENT_NODE:
+    case GSK_REPEATING_RADIAL_GRADIENT_NODE:
+    case GSK_CONIC_GRADIENT_NODE:
+    case GSK_BORDER_NODE:
+    case GSK_INSET_SHADOW_NODE:
+    case GSK_OUTSET_SHADOW_NODE:
+      /* no children */
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_TEXTURE_NODE:
+      printer_init_check_texture (printer, gsk_texture_node_get_texture (node));
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_TEXTURE_SCALE_NODE:
+      printer_init_check_texture (printer, gsk_texture_scale_node_get_texture (node));
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_TRANSFORM_NODE:
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_transform_node_get_child (node));
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_OPACITY_NODE:
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_opacity_node_get_child (node));
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_COLOR_MATRIX_NODE:
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_color_matrix_node_get_child (node));
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_BLUR_NODE:
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_blur_node_get_child (node));
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_REPEAT_NODE:
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_repeat_node_get_child (node));
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_CLIP_NODE:
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_clip_node_get_child (node));
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_ROUNDED_CLIP_NODE:
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_rounded_clip_node_get_child (node));
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_SHADOW_NODE:
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_shadow_node_get_child (node));
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_DEBUG_NODE:
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_debug_node_get_child (node));
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_BLEND_NODE:
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_blend_node_get_bottom_child (node));
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_blend_node_get_top_child (node));
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_MASK_NODE:
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_mask_node_get_source (node));
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_mask_node_get_mask (node));
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_CROSS_FADE_NODE:
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_cross_fade_node_get_start_child (node));
+      printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_cross_fade_node_get_end_child (node));
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_GL_SHADER_NODE:
+      {
+        guint i;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < gsk_gl_shader_node_get_n_children (node); i++)
+          {
+            printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_gl_shader_node_get_child (node, i));
+          }
+      }
+      break;
+
+    case GSK_CONTAINER_NODE:
+      {
+        guint i;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < gsk_container_node_get_n_children (node); i++)
+          {
+            printer_init_duplicates_for_node (printer, gsk_container_node_get_child (node, i));
+          }
+      }
+      break;
+
+    default:
+    case GSK_NOT_A_RENDER_NODE:
+      g_assert_not_reached ();
+      break;
+
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+printer_init (Printer       *self,
+              GskRenderNode *node)
 {
   self->indentation_level = 0;
   self->str = g_string_new (NULL);
+  self->named_nodes = g_hash_table_new_full (NULL, NULL, NULL, g_free);
+  self->named_node_counter = 0;
+  self->named_textures = g_hash_table_new_full (NULL, NULL, NULL, g_free);
+  self->named_texture_counter = 0;
+
+  printer_init_duplicates_for_node (self, node);
 }
 
 #define IDENT_LEVEL 2 /* Spaces per level */
@@ -2113,9 +2451,16 @@ _indent (Printer *self)
 
 static void
 start_node (Printer    *self,
+            const char *node_type,
             const char *node_name)
 {
-  g_string_append_printf (self->str, "%s {\n", node_name);
+  g_string_append_printf (self->str, "%s ", node_type);
+  if (node_name)
+    {
+      gtk_css_print_string (self->str, node_name, FALSE);
+      g_string_append_c (self->str, ' ');
+    }
+  g_string_append_printf (self->str, "{\n");
   self->indentation_level ++;
 }
 
@@ -2462,6 +2807,82 @@ base64_encode_with_linebreaks (const guchar *data,
   return out;
 }
 
+static void
+append_texture_param (Printer    *p,
+                      const char *param_name,
+                      GdkTexture *texture)
+{
+  GBytes *bytes;
+  char *b64;
+  const char *texture_name;
+
+  _indent (p);
+
+  g_string_append_printf (p->str, "%s: ", param_name);
+
+  texture_name = g_hash_table_lookup (p->named_textures, texture);
+  if (texture_name == NULL)
+    {
+      /* nothing to do here, texture is unique */
+    }
+  else if (texture_name[0])
+    {
+      /* texture has been named already */
+      gtk_css_print_string (p->str, texture_name, TRUE);
+      g_string_append (p->str, ";\n");
+      return;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      /* texture needs a name */
+      char *new_name = g_strdup_printf ("texture%zu", ++p->named_texture_counter);
+      gtk_css_print_string (p->str, new_name, TRUE);
+      g_string_append_c (p->str, ' ');
+      g_hash_table_insert (p->named_textures, texture, new_name);
+    }
+
+  switch (gdk_texture_get_format (texture))
+    {
+    case GDK_MEMORY_B8G8R8A8_PREMULTIPLIED:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_A8R8G8B8_PREMULTIPLIED:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_R8G8B8A8_PREMULTIPLIED:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_B8G8R8A8:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_A8R8G8B8:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_R8G8B8A8:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_A8B8G8R8:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_R8G8B8:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_B8G8R8:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16A16_PREMULTIPLIED:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16A16:
+      bytes = gdk_texture_save_to_png_bytes (texture);
+      g_string_append (p->str, "url(\"data:image/png;base64,");
+      break;
+
+    case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16_FLOAT:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16A16_FLOAT_PREMULTIPLIED:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16A16_FLOAT:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_R32G32B32_FLOAT:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT_PREMULTIPLIED:
+    case GDK_MEMORY_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT:
+      bytes = gdk_texture_save_to_tiff_bytes (texture);
+      g_string_append (p->str, "url(\"data:image/tiff;base64,");
+      break;
+
+    case GDK_MEMORY_N_FORMATS:
+    default:
+      g_assert_not_reached ();
+    }
+
+  b64 = base64_encode_with_linebreaks (g_bytes_get_data (bytes, NULL),
+                                       g_bytes_get_size (bytes));
+  append_escaping_newlines (p->str, b64);
+  g_free (b64);
+  g_string_append (p->str, "\");\n");
+
+  g_bytes_unref (bytes);
+}
+
 void
 gsk_text_node_serialize_glyphs (GskRenderNode *node,
                                 GString       *p)
@@ -2548,6 +2969,27 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
                    GskRenderNode *node)
 {
   char *b64;
+  const char *node_name;
+
+  node_name = g_hash_table_lookup (p->named_nodes, node);
+  if (node_name == NULL)
+    {
+      /* nothing to do here, node is unique */
+    }
+  else if (node_name[0])
+    {
+      /* node has been named already */
+      gtk_css_print_string (p->str, node_name, TRUE);
+      g_string_append (p->str, ";\n");
+      return;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      /* node needs a name */
+      char *new_name = g_strdup_printf ("node%zu", ++p->named_node_counter);
+      g_hash_table_insert (p->named_nodes, node, new_name);
+      node_name = new_name;
+    }
 
   switch (gsk_render_node_get_node_type (node))
     {
@@ -2555,7 +2997,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
       {
         guint i;
 
-        start_node (p, "container");
+        start_node (p, "container", node_name);
         for (i = 0; i < gsk_container_node_get_n_children (node); i ++)
           {
             GskRenderNode *child = gsk_container_node_get_child (node, i);
@@ -2570,7 +3012,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
 
     case GSK_COLOR_NODE:
       {
-        start_node (p, "color");
+        start_node (p, "color", node_name);
         append_rect_param (p, "bounds", &node->bounds);
         append_rgba_param (p, "color", gsk_color_node_get_color (node));
         end_node (p);
@@ -2579,7 +3021,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
 
     case GSK_CROSS_FADE_NODE:
       {
-        start_node (p, "cross-fade");
+        start_node (p, "cross-fade", node_name);
 
         append_float_param (p, "progress", gsk_cross_fade_node_get_progress (node), 0.5f);
         append_node_param (p, "start", gsk_cross_fade_node_get_start_child (node));
@@ -2593,9 +3035,9 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
     case GSK_LINEAR_GRADIENT_NODE:
       {
         if (gsk_render_node_get_node_type (node) == GSK_REPEATING_LINEAR_GRADIENT_NODE)
-          start_node (p, "repeating-linear-gradient");
+          start_node (p, "repeating-linear-gradient", node_name);
         else
-          start_node (p, "linear-gradient");
+          start_node (p, "linear-gradient", node_name);
 
         append_rect_param (p, "bounds", &node->bounds);
         append_point_param (p, "start", gsk_linear_gradient_node_get_start (node));
@@ -2611,9 +3053,9 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
     case GSK_RADIAL_GRADIENT_NODE:
       {
         if (gsk_render_node_get_node_type (node) == GSK_REPEATING_RADIAL_GRADIENT_NODE)
-          start_node (p, "repeating-radial-gradient");
+          start_node (p, "repeating-radial-gradient", node_name);
         else
-          start_node (p, "radial-gradient");
+          start_node (p, "radial-gradient", node_name);
 
         append_rect_param (p, "bounds", &node->bounds);
         append_point_param (p, "center", gsk_radial_gradient_node_get_center (node));
@@ -2631,7 +3073,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
 
     case GSK_CONIC_GRADIENT_NODE:
       {
-        start_node (p, "conic-gradient");
+        start_node (p, "conic-gradient", node_name);
 
         append_rect_param (p, "bounds", &node->bounds);
         append_point_param (p, "center", gsk_conic_gradient_node_get_center (node));
@@ -2646,7 +3088,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
 
     case GSK_OPACITY_NODE:
       {
-        start_node (p, "opacity");
+        start_node (p, "opacity", node_name);
 
         append_float_param (p, "opacity", gsk_opacity_node_get_opacity (node), 0.5f);
         append_node_param (p, "child", gsk_opacity_node_get_child (node));
@@ -2659,7 +3101,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
       {
         const GdkRGBA *color = gsk_outset_shadow_node_get_color (node);
 
-        start_node (p, "outset-shadow");
+        start_node (p, "outset-shadow", node_name);
 
         append_float_param (p, "blur", gsk_outset_shadow_node_get_blur_radius (node), 0.0f);
         if (!gdk_rgba_equal (color, &GDK_RGBA("000")))
@@ -2675,7 +3117,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
 
     case GSK_CLIP_NODE:
       {
-        start_node (p, "clip");
+        start_node (p, "clip", node_name);
 
         append_rect_param (p, "clip", gsk_clip_node_get_clip (node));
         append_node_param (p, "child", gsk_clip_node_get_child (node));
@@ -2686,7 +3128,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
 
     case GSK_ROUNDED_CLIP_NODE:
       {
-        start_node (p, "rounded-clip");
+        start_node (p, "rounded-clip", node_name);
 
         append_rounded_rect_param (p, "clip", gsk_rounded_clip_node_get_clip (node));
         append_node_param (p, "child", gsk_rounded_clip_node_get_child (node));
@@ -2699,7 +3141,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
     case GSK_TRANSFORM_NODE:
       {
         GskTransform *transform = gsk_transform_node_get_transform (node);
-        start_node (p, "transform");
+        start_node (p, "transform", node_name);
 
         if (gsk_transform_get_category (transform) != GSK_TRANSFORM_CATEGORY_IDENTITY)
           append_transform_param (p, "transform", transform);
@@ -2711,7 +3153,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
 
     case GSK_COLOR_MATRIX_NODE:
       {
-        start_node (p, "color-matrix");
+        start_node (p, "color-matrix", node_name);
 
         if (!graphene_matrix_is_identity (gsk_color_matrix_node_get_color_matrix (node)))
           append_matrix_param (p, "matrix", gsk_color_matrix_node_get_color_matrix (node));
@@ -2728,7 +3170,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
         const GdkRGBA *colors = gsk_border_node_get_colors (node);
         const float *widths = gsk_border_node_get_widths (node);
         guint i, n;
-        start_node (p, "border");
+        start_node (p, "border", node_name);
 
         if (!gdk_rgba_equal (&colors[3], &colors[1]))
           n = 4;
@@ -2789,7 +3231,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
         const guint n_shadows = gsk_shadow_node_get_n_shadows (node);
         int i;
 
-        start_node (p, "shadow");
+        start_node (p, "shadow", node_name);
 
         _indent (p);
         g_string_append (p->str, "shadows: ");
@@ -2827,7 +3269,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
     case GSK_INSET_SHADOW_NODE:
       {
         const GdkRGBA *color = gsk_inset_shadow_node_get_color (node);
-        start_node (p, "inset-shadow");
+        start_node (p, "inset-shadow", node_name);
 
         append_float_param (p, "blur", gsk_inset_shadow_node_get_blur_radius (node), 0.0f);
         if (!gdk_rgba_equal (color, &GDK_RGBA("000")))
@@ -2843,65 +3285,20 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
 
     case GSK_TEXTURE_NODE:
       {
-        GdkTexture *texture = gsk_texture_node_get_texture (node);
-        GBytes *bytes;
+        start_node (p, "texture", node_name);
 
-        start_node (p, "texture");
         append_rect_param (p, "bounds", &node->bounds);
+        append_texture_param (p, "texture", gsk_texture_node_get_texture (node));
 
-        _indent (p);
-
-        switch (gdk_texture_get_format (texture))
-          {
-          case GDK_MEMORY_B8G8R8A8_PREMULTIPLIED:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_A8R8G8B8_PREMULTIPLIED:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R8G8B8A8_PREMULTIPLIED:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_B8G8R8A8:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_A8R8G8B8:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R8G8B8A8:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_A8B8G8R8:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R8G8B8:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_B8G8R8:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16A16_PREMULTIPLIED:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16A16:
-            bytes = gdk_texture_save_to_png_bytes (texture);
-            g_string_append (p->str, "texture: url(\"data:image/png;base64,");
-            break;
-
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16_FLOAT:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16A16_FLOAT_PREMULTIPLIED:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16A16_FLOAT:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R32G32B32_FLOAT:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT_PREMULTIPLIED:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT:
-            bytes = gdk_texture_save_to_tiff_bytes (texture);
-            g_string_append (p->str, "texture: url(\"data:image/tiff;base64,");
-            break;
-
-          case GDK_MEMORY_N_FORMATS:
-          default:
-            g_assert_not_reached ();
-          }
-
-        b64 = base64_encode_with_linebreaks (g_bytes_get_data (bytes, NULL),
-                                             g_bytes_get_size (bytes));
-        append_escaping_newlines (p->str, b64);
-        g_free (b64);
-        g_string_append (p->str, "\");\n");
         end_node (p);
-
-        g_bytes_unref (bytes);
       }
       break;
 
     case GSK_TEXTURE_SCALE_NODE:
       {
-        GdkTexture *texture = gsk_texture_scale_node_get_texture (node);
         GskScalingFilter filter = gsk_texture_scale_node_get_filter (node);
-        GBytes *bytes;
 
-        start_node (p, "texture-scale");
+        start_node (p, "texture-scale", node_name);
         append_rect_param (p, "bounds", &node->bounds);
 
         if (filter != GSK_SCALING_FILTER_LINEAR)
@@ -2916,49 +3313,9 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
                   }
               }
           }
-        _indent (p);
 
-        switch (gdk_texture_get_format (texture))
-          {
-          case GDK_MEMORY_B8G8R8A8_PREMULTIPLIED:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_A8R8G8B8_PREMULTIPLIED:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R8G8B8A8_PREMULTIPLIED:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_B8G8R8A8:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_A8R8G8B8:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R8G8B8A8:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_A8B8G8R8:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R8G8B8:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_B8G8R8:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16A16_PREMULTIPLIED:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16A16:
-            bytes = gdk_texture_save_to_png_bytes (texture);
-            g_string_append (p->str, "texture: url(\"data:image/png;base64,");
-            break;
-
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16_FLOAT:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16A16_FLOAT_PREMULTIPLIED:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R16G16B16A16_FLOAT:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R32G32B32_FLOAT:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT_PREMULTIPLIED:
-          case GDK_MEMORY_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT:
-            bytes = gdk_texture_save_to_tiff_bytes (texture);
-            g_string_append (p->str, "texture: url(\"data:image/tiff;base64,");
-            break;
-
-          case GDK_MEMORY_N_FORMATS:
-          default:
-            g_assert_not_reached ();
-          }
-
-        b64 = base64_encode_with_linebreaks (g_bytes_get_data (bytes, NULL),
-                                             g_bytes_get_size (bytes));
-        append_escaping_newlines (p->str, b64);
-        g_free (b64);
-        g_string_append (p->str, "\");\n");
+        append_texture_param (p, "texture", gsk_texture_scale_node_get_texture (node));
         end_node (p);
-
-        g_bytes_unref (bytes);
       }
       break;
 
@@ -2970,7 +3327,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
         PangoFontDescription *desc;
         char *font_name;
 
-        start_node (p, "text");
+        start_node (p, "text", node_name);
 
         if (!gdk_rgba_equal (color, &GDK_RGBA("000000")))
           append_rgba_param (p, "color", color);
@@ -3001,7 +3358,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
       {
         const char *message = gsk_debug_node_get_message (node);
 
-        start_node (p, "debug");
+        start_node (p, "debug", node_name);
 
         /* TODO: We potentially need to escape certain characters in the message */
         if (message)
@@ -3017,7 +3374,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
 
     case GSK_BLUR_NODE:
       {
-        start_node (p, "blur");
+        start_node (p, "blur", node_name);
 
         append_float_param (p, "blur", gsk_blur_node_get_radius (node), 1.0f);
         append_node_param (p, "child", gsk_blur_node_get_child (node));
@@ -3031,7 +3388,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
         GskGLShader *shader = gsk_gl_shader_node_get_shader (node);
         GBytes *args = gsk_gl_shader_node_get_args (node);
 
-        start_node (p, "glshader");
+        start_node (p, "glshader", node_name);
 
         append_rect_param (p, "bounds", &node->bounds);
 
@@ -3149,7 +3506,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
         GskRenderNode *child = gsk_repeat_node_get_child (node);
         const graphene_rect_t *child_bounds = gsk_repeat_node_get_child_bounds (node);
 
-        start_node (p, "repeat");
+        start_node (p, "repeat", node_name);
 
         if (!graphene_rect_equal (&node->bounds, &child->bounds))
           append_rect_param (p, "bounds", &node->bounds);
@@ -3165,7 +3522,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
       {
         GskBlendMode mode = gsk_blend_node_get_blend_mode (node);
 
-        start_node (p, "blend");
+        start_node (p, "blend", node_name);
 
         if (mode != GSK_BLEND_MODE_DEFAULT)
           {
@@ -3183,7 +3540,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
       {
         GskMaskMode mode = gsk_mask_node_get_mask_mode (node);
 
-        start_node (p, "mask");
+        start_node (p, "mask", node_name);
 
         if (mode != GSK_MASK_MODE_ALPHA)
           {
@@ -3206,7 +3563,7 @@ render_node_print (Printer       *p,
         cairo_surface_t *surface = gsk_cairo_node_get_surface (node);
         GByteArray *array;
 
-        start_node (p, "cairo");
+        start_node (p, "cairo", node_name);
         append_rect_param (p, "bounds", &node->bounds);
 
         if (surface != NULL)
@@ -3285,7 +3642,7 @@ gsk_render_node_serialize (GskRenderNode *node)
 {
   Printer p;
 
-  printer_init (&p);
+  printer_init (&p, node);
 
   if (gsk_render_node_get_node_type (node) == GSK_CONTAINER_NODE)
     {
diff --git a/testsuite/gsk/compare/scaled-texture.node b/testsuite/gsk/compare/scaled-texture.node
index ffcf9127cc..21e9d83127 100644
--- a/testsuite/gsk/compare/scaled-texture.node
+++ b/testsuite/gsk/compare/scaled-texture.node
@@ -1,6 +1,17 @@
 container {
   texture-scale {
-    texture: url("some-10x10-image-with-content.png");
+    texture: url("data:image/png;base64,\
+iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAoAAAAKCAYAAACNMs+9AAABhWlDQ1BJQ0MgcHJvZmlsZQAAKJF9\
+kT1Iw1AUhU9TpSIVBztIUchQxcEuKuKoVShChVArtOpg8tI/aNKQpLg4Cq4FB38Wqw4uzro6uAqC\
+4A+Iq4uToouUeF9SaBHjhcf7OO+ew3v3AUKjwjSraxbQdNtMJxNiNrcqhl4RxDACGENUZpYxJ0kp\
++NbXPXVS3cV5ln/fn9Wn5i0GBETiWWaYNvEG8fSmbXDeJ46wkqwSnxOPm3RB4keuKx6/cS66LPDM\
+iJlJzxNHiMViBysdzEqmRjxFHFM1nfKFrMcq5y3OWqXGWvfkLwzn9ZVlrtMaQhKLWIIEEQpqKKMC\
+G3HadVIspOk84eOPun6JXAq5ymDkWEAVGmTXD/4Hv2drFSYnvKRwAuh+cZyPESC0CzTrjvN97DjN\
+EyD4DFzpbX+1Acx8kl5va7EjoH8buLhua8oecLkDDD4Zsim7UpCWUCgA72f0TTlg4BboXfPm1jrH\
+6QOQoVmlboCDQ2C0SNnrPu/u6Zzbvz2t+f0AkpVys4Vzl18AAAAGYktHRABmAGYAZge6Sm0AAAAJ\
+cEhZcwAALiMAAC4jAXilP3YAAAAHdElNRQfnAx0BLBeZZvBWAAAAGXRFWHRDb21tZW50AENyZWF0\
+ZWQgd2l0aCBHSU1QV4EOFwAAACpJREFUGNNj/M/A8J+BgYGB4T+EYmBkZMDGZ2IgErAQMgnGJ9pE\
+xhHpRgAVIB4MSL68ZgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==");
     bounds: 0 0 100 100;
     filter: nearest;
   }
diff --git a/testsuite/gsk/compare/scaled-texture.png b/testsuite/gsk/compare/scaled-texture.png
index acc16bf0dd..eeb6a572ff 100644
Binary files a/testsuite/gsk/compare/scaled-texture.png and b/testsuite/gsk/compare/scaled-texture.png differ
diff --git a/testsuite/gsk/meson.build b/testsuite/gsk/meson.build
index e9abda85d2..cfc1338aae 100644
--- a/testsuite/gsk/meson.build
+++ b/testsuite/gsk/meson.build
@@ -221,6 +221,10 @@ node_parser_tests = [
   'gradient-fail.errors',
   'mask-modes.node',
   'mask-modes.ref.node',
+  'node-names.node',
+  'node-names-everywhere.errors',
+  'node-names-everywhere.node',
+  'node-names-everywhere.ref.node',
   'radial-gradient.node',
   'radial-gradient.ref.node',
   'repeating-linear-gradient.node',
@@ -232,6 +236,9 @@ node_parser_tests = [
   'shadow-fail.node',
   'shadow-fail.ref.node',
   'shadow-fail.errors',
+  'string-error.errors',
+  'string-error.node',
+  'string-error.ref.node',
   'testswitch.node',
   'text-fail.node',
   'text-fail.ref.node',
@@ -239,6 +246,7 @@ node_parser_tests = [
   'texture-fail.node',
   'texture-fail.ref.node',
   'texture-fail.ref.errors',
+  'texture-names.node',
   'texture-scale-filters.node',
   'texture-scale-filters.ref.node',
   'texture-scale-unknown-filter.errors',
diff --git a/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/node-names-everywhere.errors b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/node-names-everywhere.errors
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..394cbf8c1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/node-names-everywhere.errors
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+<data>:1:1-6: error: GTK_CSS_PARSER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_VALUE
+<data>:3:3-8: error: GTK_CSS_PARSER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_VALUE
+<data>:5:5-10: error: GTK_CSS_PARSER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_VALUE
+<data>:2:11-16: error: GTK_CSS_PARSER_ERROR_FAILED
diff --git a/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/node-names-everywhere.node b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/node-names-everywhere.node
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..29f4a22328
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/node-names-everywhere.node
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+"foo";
+container "foo" {
+  "foo";
+  container "foo" {
+    "foo";
+  }
+  "foo";
+}
+"foo";
diff --git a/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/node-names-everywhere.ref.node b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/node-names-everywhere.ref.node
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1314f75b40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/node-names-everywhere.ref.node
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+container {
+  container "node1" {
+  }
+  "node1";
+}
+"node1";
diff --git a/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/node-names.node b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/node-names.node
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d2b22060e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/node-names.node
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+color "node1" {
+  bounds: 0 0 10 10;
+  color: rgb(23,42,69);
+}
+transform {
+  transform: translate(20, 0);
+  child: "node1";
+}
diff --git a/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/string-error.errors b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/string-error.errors
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47ad1d1e75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/string-error.errors
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<data>:2:12-13: error: GTK_CSS_PARSER_ERROR_SYNTAX
diff --git a/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/string-error.node b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/string-error.node
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6e62f6a6f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/string-error.node
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+debug {
+  message: 5;
+}
diff --git a/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/string-error.ref.node b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/string-error.ref.node
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fc7e73a4c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/string-error.ref.node
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+debug {
+  child: color {
+    bounds: 0 0 50 50;
+    color: rgb(255,0,204);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/texture-names.node b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/texture-names.node
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ac080fa2ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testsuite/gsk/nodeparser/texture-names.node
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+texture {
+  bounds: 0 0 1 1;
+  texture: "texture1" url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAADUlEQVQImWP4z8DwHwAFAAH/q842\
+iQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\
+");
+}
+texture {
+  bounds: 2 0 1 1;
+  texture: "texture1";
+}