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dependabot/github_actions/actions/github-script-9
micropython/py/py.mk
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Damien George 74e945752b py/modweakref: Implement weakref module with ref and finalize classes. 
This adds support for the standard `weakref` module, to make weak
references to Python objects and have callbacks for when an object is
reclaimed by the GC.

This feature was requested by PyScript, to allow control over the lifetime
of external proxy objects (distinct from JS<->Python proxies).

Addresses issue #646 (that's nearly a 12 year old issue!).

Functionality added here:
- `weakref.ref(object [, callback])` create a simple weak reference with
  optional callback to be called when the object is reclaimed by the GC
- `weakref.finalize(object, callback, /, *args, **kwargs)` create a
  finalize object that holds a weak reference to an object and allows more
  convenient callback usage and state change

The new module is enabled at the "everything" level.

The implementation aims to be as efficient as possible, by adding another
bit-per-block to the garbage collector, the WTB (weak table).  Similar to
the finalizer bit (FTB), if a GC block has its corresponding WTB bit set
then a weak reference to that block is held.  The details of that weak
reference are stored in a global map, `mp_weakref_map`, which maps weak
reference to ref/finalize objects, allowing the callbacks to be efficiently
found when the object is reclaimed.

With this feature enabled the overhead is:
- 1/128th of the available memory is used for the new WTB table (eg a 128k
  heap now needs an extra 1k for the WTB).
- Code size is increased.
- At garbage collection time, there is a small overhead to check if the
  collected objects had weak references.  This check is the same as the
  existing FTB finaliser scan, so shouldn't add much overhead.  If there
  are weak reference objects alive (ref/finalize objects) then additional
  time is taken to call the callbacks and do some accounting to clean up
  the used weak reference.

Signed-off-by: Damien George <damien@micropython.org>
2026-03-22 23:02:38 +11:00

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Makefile
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# where py object files go (they have a name prefix to prevent filename clashes)
PY_BUILD = $(BUILD)/py
# where autogenerated header files go
HEADER_BUILD = $(BUILD)/genhdr
# file containing qstr defs for the core Python bit
PY_QSTR_DEFS = $(PY_SRC)/qstrdefs.h
# If qstr autogeneration is not disabled we specify the output header
# for all collected qstrings.
ifneq ($(QSTR_AUTOGEN_DISABLE),1)
QSTR_DEFS_COLLECTED = $(HEADER_BUILD)/qstrdefs.collected.h
endif
# Any files listed by these variables will cause a full regeneration of qstrs
# DEPENDENCIES: included in qstr processing; REQUIREMENTS: not included
QSTR_GLOBAL_DEPENDENCIES += $(PY_SRC)/mpconfig.h mpconfigport.h
QSTR_GLOBAL_REQUIREMENTS += $(HEADER_BUILD)/mpversion.h
# some code is performance bottleneck and compiled with other optimization options
CSUPEROPT = -O3
# Enable building 32-bit code on 64-bit host.
ifeq ($(MICROPY_FORCE_32BIT),1)
CC += -m32
CXX += -m32
LD += -m32
endif
# External modules written in C.
ifneq ($(USER_C_MODULES),)
# pre-define USERMOD variables as expanded so that variables are immediate
# expanded as they're added to them
# Confirm the provided path exists, show abspath if not to make it clearer to fix.
$(if $(wildcard $(USER_C_MODULES)/.),,$(error USER_C_MODULES doesn't exist: $(abspath $(USER_C_MODULES))))
# C/C++ files that are included in the QSTR/module build
SRC_USERMOD_C :=
SRC_USERMOD_CXX :=
# Other C/C++/Assembly files (e.g. libraries or helpers)
SRC_USERMOD_LIB_C :=
SRC_USERMOD_LIB_CXX :=
SRC_USERMOD_LIB_ASM :=
# Optionally set flags
CFLAGS_USERMOD :=
CXXFLAGS_USERMOD :=
LDFLAGS_USERMOD :=
# Backwards compatibility with older user c modules that set SRC_USERMOD
# added to SRC_USERMOD_C below
SRC_USERMOD :=
$(foreach module, $(wildcard $(USER_C_MODULES)/*/micropython.mk), \
$(eval USERMOD_DIR = $(patsubst %/,%,$(dir $(module))))\
$(info Including User C Module from $(USERMOD_DIR))\
$(eval include $(module))\
)
SRC_USERMOD_C += $(SRC_USERMOD)
SRC_USERMOD_PATHFIX_C += $(patsubst $(USER_C_MODULES)/%.c,%.c,$(SRC_USERMOD_C))
SRC_USERMOD_PATHFIX_CXX += $(patsubst $(USER_C_MODULES)/%.cpp,%.cpp,$(SRC_USERMOD_CXX))
SRC_USERMOD_PATHFIX_LIB_C += $(patsubst $(USER_C_MODULES)/%.c,%.c,$(SRC_USERMOD_LIB_C))
SRC_USERMOD_PATHFIX_LIB_CXX += $(patsubst $(USER_C_MODULES)/%.cpp,%.cpp,$(SRC_USERMOD_LIB_CXX))
SRC_USERMOD_PATHFIX_LIB_ASM += $(patsubst $(USER_C_MODULES)/%.S,%.S,$(SRC_USERMOD_LIB_ASM))
CFLAGS += $(CFLAGS_USERMOD)
CXXFLAGS += $(CXXFLAGS_USERMOD)
LDFLAGS += $(LDFLAGS_USERMOD)
SRC_QSTR += $(SRC_USERMOD_PATHFIX_C) $(SRC_USERMOD_PATHFIX_CXX)
PY_O += $(addprefix $(BUILD)/, $(SRC_USERMOD_PATHFIX_C:.c=.o))
PY_O += $(addprefix $(BUILD)/, $(SRC_USERMOD_PATHFIX_CXX:.cpp=.o))
PY_O += $(addprefix $(BUILD)/, $(SRC_USERMOD_PATHFIX_LIB_C:.c=.o))
PY_O += $(addprefix $(BUILD)/, $(SRC_USERMOD_PATHFIX_LIB_CXX:.cpp=.o))
PY_O += $(addprefix $(BUILD)/, $(SRC_USERMOD_PATHFIX_LIB_ASM:.S=.o))
endif
# py object files
PY_CORE_O_BASENAME = $(addprefix py/,\
mpstate.o \
nlr.o \
nlrx86.o \
nlrx64.o \
nlrthumb.o \
nlraarch64.o \
nlrmips.o \
nlrpowerpc.o \
nlrxtensa.o \
nlrrv32.o \
nlrrv64.o \
nlrsetjmp.o \
malloc.o \
gc.o \
pystack.o \
qstr.o \
vstr.o \
mpprint.o \
unicode.o \
mpz.o \
reader.o \
lexer.o \
parse.o \
scope.o \
compile.o \
emitcommon.o \
emitbc.o \
asmbase.o \
asmx64.o \
emitnx64.o \
asmx86.o \
emitnx86.o \
asmthumb.o \
emitnthumb.o \
emitinlinethumb.o \
asmarm.o \
emitnarm.o \
asmxtensa.o \
emitnxtensa.o \
emitinlinextensa.o \
emitnxtensawin.o \
asmrv32.o \
emitnrv32.o \
emitinlinerv32.o \
emitndebug.o \
formatfloat.o \
parsenumbase.o \
parsenum.o \
emitglue.o \
persistentcode.o \
runtime.o \
runtime_utils.o \
scheduler.o \
nativeglue.o \
pairheap.o \
ringbuf.o \
cstack.o \
stackctrl.o \
argcheck.o \
warning.o \
profile.o \
map.o \
obj.o \
objarray.o \
objattrtuple.o \
objbool.o \
objboundmeth.o \
objcell.o \
objclosure.o \
objcode.o \
objcomplex.o \
objdeque.o \
objdict.o \
objenumerate.o \
objexcept.o \
objfilter.o \
objfloat.o \
objfun.o \
objgenerator.o \
objgetitemiter.o \
objint.o \
objint_longlong.o \
objint_mpz.o \
objlist.o \
objmap.o \
objmodule.o \
objobject.o \
objpolyiter.o \
objproperty.o \
objnone.o \
objnamedtuple.o \
objrange.o \
objreversed.o \
objringio.o \
objset.o \
objsingleton.o \
objslice.o \
objstr.o \
objstrunicode.o \
objstringio.o \
objtemplate.o \
objtuple.o \
objtype.o \
objzip.o \
opmethods.o \
sequence.o \
stream.o \
binary.o \
builtinimport.o \
builtinevex.o \
builtinhelp.o \
modarray.o \
modbuiltins.o \
modcollections.o \
modgc.o \
modio.o \
modmath.o \
modcmath.o \
modmicropython.o \
modstring.o \
modstruct.o \
modsys.o \
moderrno.o \
modthread.o \
modweakref.o \
vm.o \
bc.o \
showbc.o \
repl.o \
smallint.o \
frozenmod.o \
)
# prepend the build destination prefix to the py object files
PY_CORE_O = $(addprefix $(BUILD)/, $(PY_CORE_O_BASENAME))
# this is a convenience variable for ports that want core, extmod and frozen code
PY_O += $(PY_CORE_O)
# object file for frozen code specified via a manifest
ifneq ($(FROZEN_MANIFEST),)
PY_O += $(BUILD)/frozen_content.o
endif
# Sources that may contain qstrings
SRC_QSTR_IGNORE = py/nlr%
SRC_QSTR += $(filter-out $(SRC_QSTR_IGNORE),$(PY_CORE_O_BASENAME:.o=.c))
# Anything that depends on FORCE will be considered out-of-date
FORCE:
.PHONY: FORCE
$(HEADER_BUILD)/mpversion.h: FORCE | $(HEADER_BUILD)
$(Q)$(PYTHON) $(PY_SRC)/makeversionhdr.py $@
# mpconfigport.mk is optional, but changes to it may drastically change
# overall config, so they need to be caught
MPCONFIGPORT_MK = $(wildcard mpconfigport.mk)
# qstr data
# Adding an order only dependency on $(HEADER_BUILD) causes $(HEADER_BUILD) to get
# created before we run the script to generate the .h
# Note: we need to protect the qstr names from the preprocessor, so we wrap
# the lines in "" and then unwrap after the preprocessor is finished.
# See more information about this process in docs/develop/qstr.rst.
$(HEADER_BUILD)/qstrdefs.generated.h: $(PY_QSTR_DEFS) $(QSTR_DEFS) $(QSTR_DEFS_COLLECTED) $(PY_SRC)/makeqstrdata.py mpconfigport.h $(MPCONFIGPORT_MK) $(PY_SRC)/mpconfig.h | $(HEADER_BUILD)
$(ECHO) "GEN $@"
$(Q)$(CAT) $(PY_QSTR_DEFS) $(QSTR_DEFS) $(QSTR_DEFS_COLLECTED) | $(SED) 's/^Q(.*)/"&"/' | $(CPP) $(CFLAGS) - | $(SED) 's/^\"\(Q(.*)\)\"/\1/' > $(HEADER_BUILD)/qstrdefs.preprocessed.h
$(Q)$(PYTHON) $(PY_SRC)/makeqstrdata.py $(HEADER_BUILD)/qstrdefs.preprocessed.h > $@
$(HEADER_BUILD)/compressed.data.h: $(HEADER_BUILD)/compressed.collected
$(ECHO) "GEN $@"
$(Q)$(PYTHON) $(PY_SRC)/makecompresseddata.py $< > $@
# build a list of registered modules for py/objmodule.c.
$(HEADER_BUILD)/moduledefs.h: $(HEADER_BUILD)/moduledefs.collected $(PY_SRC)/makemoduledefs.py
@$(ECHO) "GEN $@"
$(Q)$(PYTHON) $(PY_SRC)/makemoduledefs.py $< > $@
# build a list of registered root pointers for py/mpstate.h.
$(HEADER_BUILD)/root_pointers.h: $(HEADER_BUILD)/root_pointers.collected $(PY_SRC)/make_root_pointers.py
@$(ECHO) "GEN $@"
$(Q)$(PYTHON) $(PY_SRC)/make_root_pointers.py $< > $@
# Standard C functions like memset need to be compiled with special flags so
# the compiler does not optimise these functions in terms of themselves.
CFLAGS_BUILTIN ?= -ffreestanding -fno-builtin -fno-lto
$(BUILD)/shared/libc/string0.o: CFLAGS += $(CFLAGS_BUILTIN)
# Force nlr code to always be compiled with space-saving optimisation so
# that the function preludes are of a minimal and predictable form.
$(PY_BUILD)/nlr%.o: CFLAGS += -Os
# optimising gc for speed; 5ms down to 4ms on pybv2
$(PY_BUILD)/gc.o: CFLAGS += $(CSUPEROPT)
# optimising vm for speed, adds only a small amount to code size but makes a huge difference to speed (20% faster)
$(PY_BUILD)/vm.o: CFLAGS += $(CSUPEROPT)
# Optimizing vm.o for modern deeply pipelined CPUs with branch predictors
# may require disabling tail jump optimization. This will make sure that
# each opcode has its own dispatching jump which will improve branch
# branch predictor efficiency.
# https://marc.info/?l=lua-l&m=129778596120851
# http://hg.python.org/cpython/file/b127046831e2/Python/ceval.c#l828
# http://www.emulators.com/docs/nx25_nostradamus.htm
#-fno-crossjumping
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